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Tidal Currents — Flood, Ebb, Set, Drift, Rotary Currents, Slack Water, Navigation Effects & NOAA Current Predictions
Navigation - Tides & Currents
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Navigation - Tides & Currents
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Watchkeeping & General Safety
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Engineering Fundamentals, Calculations, Materials & Drawings
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Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer & Steam Properties
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The stand-on vessel initially keeps course and speed. That stable behavior helps the give-way vessel predict the encounter and maneuver safely.
Stand-On Vessel: Three Decision PhasesFREE
Avoiding action should be positive, made in ample time and large enough to be readily apparent. With sufficient sea room, a substantial course alteration alone can be effective if it is made in good time and does not create another close-quarters situation.
Avoiding Action: Early, Substantial and VerifiableFREE
Masthead light 225°, each sidelight 112.5°, and sternlight 135° total—67.5° on each side of dead astern.
Sternlight Arc: 67.5° Each Side AsternFREE
First remove harmful slack-tank free surface in a way that also improves trim; only then add additional ballast if needed and safe.
Damage Stability: Correct the Slack Tank FirstFREE
Atmospheric refraction is greatest near the horizon and decreases rapidly as altitude increases; low-altitude sights are therefore more vulnerable to abnormal-refraction error.
Low-Altitude Sun Sights: Refraction RiskFREE
First scale the known fuel per mile by the square of the speed ratio, then divide the remaining fuel by the new fuel-per-mile value.
Fuel, Speed and Endurance: Square-Law RangeFREE
The progressive reduction or suppression of oscillation so the response settles.
Control Systems: Recognizing InstabilityFREE
Electrical-conductivity measurement is a common basis for marine salinity indication because dissolved ionic salts increase water conductivity.
Salinity Indication: Why Conductivity MattersFREE
A hydropneumatic pressure tank uses a compressed-air cushion to maintain pressure and reduce pump cycling. If the tank becomes waterlogged, the pump tends to start and stop in very short, frequent cycles.
Hydropneumatic Tanks: Recognizing WaterloggingFREE
Camshaft cam arrangement and cam profile establish firing sequence and directly control valve timing and valve lift.
Diesel Camshafts: Operating Conditions ControlledFREE
A hydraulic accumulator stores potential energy by retaining hydraulic fluid under pressure, allowing short-duration flow or force when the pump is unloaded or stopped.
Hydraulic Accumulators: Stored EnergyFREE
Increasing DC field excitation strengthens the rotor magnetic field and increases hold-in torque, subject to machine limits.
Synchronous Motors: Increasing Hold-In TorqueSign in for the existing daily library preview or Academy Pro. No paid library, saved history or member content is opened by these samples.